Ingredient #26 + Research

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INCLUDING NEW RESEARCH INTO CORONAVIRUS SARS-COV-2

Scientific Evidence: Ingredient #26 - CURCUMIN

SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Research results

FOR SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE UPDATED TO JANUARY 2022, OBTAIN THE FOURTH EDITION OF 'AVD' (2022)

Virtual Screening of Curcumin and Its Analogs Against the Spike Surface Glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV - Ashish Patel, Malathi Rajendran, Suresh B. Pakala, Ashish Shah, Harnisha Patel & Prashanthi Karyala - ChemRxiv (26 Apr. 2020):

“A good binding energy, drug likeness and efficient pharmacokinetic parameters suggest the potential of curcumin and a few of its derivatives as SARS-CoV-2 spike protein inhibitors. However, further research is necessary to investigate the ability of these compounds as viral entry inhibitors.”

Curcumin: a Wonder Drug as a Preventive Measure for COVID-19 Management - Yamuna Manoharan, Vikram Haridas, K.C. Vasanthakumar, Sundaram Muthu, Fathima F. Thavoorullah & Praveenkumar Shetty - Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry (17 Jun. 2020):

“Henceforth, it is clear that the biological properties including advance mode of drug delivery system of curcumin could be considered while formulating the pharmaceutical products and its application as preventive measure in the inhibition of transmission of SARS-COV2 infection among humans. [...] In conclusion, we propose that curcumin could be used as a supportive therapy in the treatment of COVID19 disease in any clinical settings to circumvent the lethal effects of SARS-CoV-2.”

Potential Effects of Curcumin in the Treatment of COVID‐19 Infection - Fatemeh Zahedipour, Seyede Atefe Hosseini, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Muhammed Majeed, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Khalid Al‐Rasadi, Maciej Banach & Amirhossein Sahebkar - Phytotherapy Research (19 May 2020):

“Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound, could be a potential treatment option for patients with coronavirus disease. In this study, we review some of the potential effects of curcumin such as inhibiting the entry of virus to the cell, inhibiting encapsulation of the virus and viral protease, as well as modulating various cellular signaling pathways.”

Catechin and Curcumin interact with Corona (2019-nCoV/ SARS-CoV2) Viral S Protein and ACE2 of Human Cell Membrane: Insights from Computational Study and Implication for Intervention - Atala B. Jena, Namrata Kanungo, Vinayak Nayak, G.B.N. Chainy & Jagneshwar Dandapat - Pharmacodynamics (8 Apr. 2020):

“Molecular simulation study demonstrates that curcumin directly binds with RBD site of S-protein during 40-100ns. In contrast, catechin binds with S-protein near the RBD site and causes fluctuation in the amino acids present in the RBD and it’s near proximity. In conclusion, this computational study for the first time predicts the possibility of above two polyphenols, for therapeutic/preventive intervention.”

A Novel Combination of Vitamin C, Curcumin and Glycyrrhizic Acid Potentially Regulates Immune and Inflammatory Response Associated with Coronavirus Infections: A Perspective from System Biology Analysis - Liang Chen, Chun Hu, Molly Hood, Xue Zhang, Lu Zhang, Juntao Kan & Jun Du - nutrients (24 Apr. 2020):

“Therefore, our findings suggest that VCG Plus may be helpful in regulating immune response to combat CoV infections and inhibit excessive inflammatory responses to prevent the onset of cytokine storm. Our current approach provides a new strategy in predicting formulation rationale when developing new dietary supplements.”

The Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin on Virus-Induced Cytokine Storm and Its Potential Use in the Associated Severe Pneumonia - Ziteng Liu & Ying Ying - Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology (12 Jun. 2020):

“These studies provide a rationale that curcumin can be used as a therapeutic agent against pneumonia and ALI/ARDS in humans resulting from coronaviral infection. [...] In sum, the preclinical studies we have reviewed here motivate a call for attention to the clinical investigation of curcumin as a therapeutic agent for the cytokine storm syndrome following coronavirus infections, especially pneumonia caused by the coronavirus.”

Potential use of Turmeric in COVID 19 - H. Gupta, M. Gupta & S. Bhargava - Viewpoints in Dermatology (1 Jul. 2020):

“Well‐defined randomized studies should be performed to evaluate the efficacy of turmeric derivatives against SARS CoV 2 and assess its value as a possible treatment for this deadly virus.”

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Earlier Scientific Evidence re: Curcumin

Anti-Viral / Immune Supportive Research

“Spicing up” of the Immune System by Curcumin - G.C. Jagetia & B.B. Aggarwal - Journal of Clinical Immunology (9 Jan. 2007).

Evaluation of Antiviral Activities of Curcumin Derivatives against HSV-1 In Vero Cell Line - Keivan Zandi, Elissa Ramedani, Khosro Mohammadi, Saeed Tajbakhsh, Iman Deilami, Zahra Rastian, Moradali Fouladvand, Forough Yousefi & Fatemeh Farshadpour - Natural Product Communications (Dec. 2010):

“This study was designed to assay the antiviral activity of curcumin and its new derivatives like gallium-curcumin and Cu-curcumin on replication of HSV-1 in cell culture. The research was performed as an in vitro study in which the antiviral activity of different concentrations of three substances including curcumin, Gallium-curcumin and Cu-curcumin were tested on HSV-1. [...] The results showed that curcumin and its new derivatives have remarkable antiviral effects on HSV-1 in cell culture.”

Inhibition of Enveloped Viruses Infectivity by Curcumin - Tzu-Yen Chen, Da-Yuan Chen, Hsiao-Wei Wen, Jun-Lin Ou, Shyan-Song Chiou, Jo-Mei Chen, Min-Liang Wong & Wei-Li Hsu - PLoS One (1 May 2013):

“This study demonstrates a novel mechanism by which curcumin inhibits the infectivity of enveloped viruses. In all analyzed enveloped viruses, including the influenza virus, curcumin inhibited plaque formation. In contrast, the nonenveloped enterovirus 71 remained unaffected by curcumin treatment.”

A Review on Antibacterial, Antiviral, and Antifungal Activity of Curcumin - Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtousi, Habsah Abdul Kadir, Pouya Hassandarvish, Hassan Tajik, Sazaly Abubakar & Keivan Zandi - BioMed Research International (29 Apr. 2014).

Curcumin inhibits Zika and Chikungunya Virus Infection by inhibiting Cell Binding - Bryan C. Mounce, Teresa Cesaro, Lucia Carrau, Thomas Vallet & Marco Vignuzzi - Antiviral Research (24 Mar. 2017):

“The ability of curcumin to prevent viral replication strongly suggests that this molecule and its derivatives may hold promise for the development of broad-range antivirals. Curcumin in the human diet, further, could provide a simple means to prevent infection by enveloped viruses. Due to the devastating effects of both ZIKV and CHIKV in regions where these viruses are emerging or re-emerging, novel pharmaceuticals are necessary to combat disease in infected individuals. [...] Poor bioavailability limits its potential, though several alternative formulations that may hold promise are under development (Anand et al., 2007). Additionally, derivatives of curcumin with enhanced activity and bioavailability could significantly enhance in vivo efficacy.”

Multisite Inhibitors for Enteric Coronavirus: Antiviral Cationic Carbon Dots Based on Curcumin - Du Ting, Nan Dong, Liurong Fang, Jian Lu, Jing Bi, Shaobo Xiao & Heyou Han - ACS Appl. Nano Mater (17 Sep. 2017):

“The research of carbon-based antivirals is still in its infancy, and their development into safe and effective carbon dots (CDs) with antiviral activity at multiple points in the life cycle of the virus remains to be explored. Here, we report a one-step method to apply curcumin in order to prepare of uniform and stable cationic carbon dots (CCM-CDs) with antiviral properties. The inhibitory effect of CCM-CDs on viral replication was studied by using porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) as a coronavirus model.”

Synergistic Antiviral Effect of Curcumin Functionalized Graphene Oxide against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection - Xiao Xi Yang, Chun Mei Li, Yuan Fang Li, Jian Wang & Cheng Zhi Huang - Nanoscale (20 Sep. 2017):

“In the present study, we developed a novel functional nanomaterial, which was composed of curcumin and β-CD functionalized GO. The antiviral activity of GSCC against RSV infection was dose-dependent, which was investigated with the TCID50 assay and the immunofluorescence assay. Moreover, GSCC could inactivate RSV prior to infection efficiently. Furthermore, GSCC had benign antiviral activity in the prevention of viral infection and after the viral infection. The decline in the range of viral titers could reach up to four orders of magnitude.”

Antiviral Potential of Curcumin - Dony Mathew & Wei-Li Hsu - Journal of Functional Foods (Jan. 2018):

“Curcumin has been studied extensively for its pleiotropic activity, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activity. Accumulated evidence indicated curcumin plays an inhibitory role against infection of numerous viruses. These mechanisms involve either a direct interference of viral replication machinery or suppression of cellular signaling pathways essential for viral replication, such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB.”

Curcumin: The Golden Nutraceutical - Turmeric and Curcumin: The Journey from Traditional Medicine to Current Clinical Trials - Garg Manohar - AJP: The Australian Journal of Pharmacy (Sep. 2018):

"In the past 10 years, more than 15,000 scientific papers have been published on curcumin - the main bioactive compound derived from turmeric. Given the intensity of this research and of consumer interest in curcumin, it is important to understand its relevance to human health."

Immunomodulators Inspired by Nature: A Review on Curcumin and Echinacea - Michele Catanzaro, Emanuela Corsini, Michela Rosini, Marco Racchi & Cristina Lanni - Molecules (26 Oct. 2018).

Anti-Infective Properties of the Golden Spice Curcumin - Dimas Praditya, Lisa Kirchhoff, Janina Brüning, Heni Rachmawati, Joerg Steinmann & Eike Steinmann - Frontiers of Microbiology (3 May 2019):

“Numerous studies have shown that curcumin possesses a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological properties, acting, for example, as anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-neoplastic, while no toxicity is associated with the compound. Recently, curcumin’s antiviral and antibacterial activity was investigated, and it was shown to act against various important human pathogens like the influenza virus, hepatitis C virus, HIV and strains of Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Pseudomonas. Despite the potency, curcumin has not yet been approved as a therapeutic antiviral agent. This review summarizes the current knowledge and future perspectives of the antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal effects of curcumin.”

Bibliographic Research Information provided courtesy of The Academy of the Third Millennium (A3M) 2020