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Scientific Evidence: Ingredient #23 - EGCG
SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Research results
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Epigallocatechin-Gallate and Theaflavin-Gallate Interaction in SARS CoV-2 Spike-Protein Central-Channel with Reference to the Hydroxychloroquine Interaction: Bioinformatics and Molecular Docking Study - Smarajit Maiti & Amrita Banerjee - PrePrints [Basel] (15 Apr. 2020):
“Taking into account the toxicity/side-effects by CQ [chloroquine] / HCQ [hydroxychloroquine], present drugs may be important. Our laboratory is working on tea flavonoids and other phytochemicals in the protection from toxicity, DNA/mitochondrial damage, inflammation etc. The present data might be helpful for further analysis of flavonoids in this emergent pandemic situation.”
Evaluation of Green Tea Polyphenols as Novel Corona Virus (SARS CoV-2) Main Protease (Mpro) Inhibitors – An In Silico Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study - Rajesh Ghosh, Ayon Chakraborty, Ashis Biswas & Snehasis Chowdhuri - Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics (22 Jun 2020):
“Altogether, our findings reveal that green tea catechins/polyphenols (especially EGCG, ECG and GCG) can be potent anti-COVID-19 drug candidates. Additionally, this study opens up futuristic testing (in vitro and in vivo) possibilities of these three green tea polyphenols against COVID-19.”
Green Tea and Spirulina Extracts inhibit SARS, MERS, and SARS-2 Spike Pseudotyped Virus Entry In Vitro - Jeswin Joseph, Karthika T., Ariya Ajay, V.R. Akshay Das & Stalin Raj - bioRxiv (23 Jun. 2020):
“Further studies are required to understand the exact mechanism of viral inhibition. In summary, we demonstrate that pseudotyped virus is an ideal tool for screening viral entry inhibitors. Moreover, spirulina and green tea could be promising antiviral agents against emerging viruses.”
Antiviral Activity of Green Tea and Black Tea Polyphenols in Prophylaxis and Treatment of COVID-19: A Review - Susmit Mhatre, Tishya Srivastava, Shivraj Naik & Vandana Patravale - Phytomedicine (17 Jul. 2020):
“Recent studies have revealed the possible binding sites present on SARS-CoV-2 and studied their interactions with tea polyphenols. EGCG and theaflavins, especially theaflavin-3,3-digallate (TF3) have shown a significant interaction with the receptors under consideration in this review. Some docking studies further emphasize on the activity of these polyphenols against COVID-19. ”
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To learn more about Ingredient #20 (EGCG) - and the 51 other dietary ingredients identified as exhibiting anti-viral and/or immune-enhancing properties - obtain a copy of the full report of AVD: The Anti-Viral Diet by pressing the button below:
Earlier Scientific Evidence re: EGCG
Anti-Viral / Immune Supportive Research
Antiviral Effect of Catechins in Green Tea on Influenza Virus - Jae-Min Song, Kwang-Hee Lee & Baik-Lin Seong - Antiviral Research (Nov. 2005).
Antiviral Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) on Influenza A Virus - Xiao Xiao, Zhanqiu Yang, Li-qiao Shi & Jing Liu - Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi [China Journal of Chinese materia medica] (Dec. 2008).
Immunomodulating Effects of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate from Green Tea: Mechanisms and Applications - Munkyong Pae & Dayong Wu - Food & Function (Sep. 2013).
Regulation Of Innate Immune Recognition of Viral Infection by Epigallocatechin Gallate - Dr. Christina L. Nance, Melinda Mata, Ashley McMullen, Sean McMaster, William T. Shearer - The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (Feb. 2014).
Immunomodulatory Effects of EGCG Fraction of Green Tea Extract in Innate and Adaptive Immunity via T Regulatory Cells in Murine Model - Chao-Lin Kuo, Tung-Sheng Ray Chen, Shaw-Yih Liou & Chang-Chi Hsieh - Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology (25 Aug. 2014).
Comparison of α-glucosyl Hesperidin of Citrus Fruits and Epigallocatechin Gallate of Green Tea on the Loss of Rotavirus Infectivity in Cell Culture - Steven M. Lipson, Fatma S. Ozen, Samantha Louis & Laina Karthikeyan - Frontiers in Microbiology (29 Apr. 2015).
Antiviral Effects of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis) against Pathogenic Viruses in Human and Animals (A Mini-Review) - Muhammad Shahid Mahmood, José L. Mártinez, Azhar Aslam, Azhar Rafique Raúl Vinet, Claudio Laurido, Iftikhar Hussain, Rao Zahid Abbas, Ahrar Khan, Shahid Ali - African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines (Feb. 2016):
“Green tea provides a dietary source of biologically active compounds that have shown efficacy in prevention of a number of viral diseases in humans and animals. These polyphenolic compounds, particularly catechins inhibit viral infections by inhibiting viral entry, reverse transcriptase of HIV, HCV protease and several other associated enzymes. However, most of these findings regarding antiviral effects have been based on primarily in vitro chemical assays. There is a need to elucidate further and develop animal model systems to articulate precisely the pathways and mechanisms involved in the antiviral effects of green tea and its ingredients, and its precise therapeutic effects in vivo.”
A Review of the Antiviral Role of Green Tea Catechins - Jun Xu, Zhao Xu & Wenming Zheng - Molecules (12 Aug. 2017).
Fostering the Antiviral Activity of Green Tea Extract for Sanitizing Purposes through Controlled Storage Conditions - Irene Falcó, Walter Randazzo, Laura G. Gómez-Mascaraque, Rosa Aznar, Amparo López-Rubio & Gloria Sánchez - Food Control (1 Sep. 2017).
Evaluation of Green Tea Extract as a Safe Personal Hygiene against Viral Infections - Yun Ha Lee, Yo Han Jang, Young-Seok Kim, Jinku Kim & Baik Lin Seong - Journal of Biological Engineering (8 Jan. 2018).
Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate modulates Peripheral Immunity in the MPTP-induced Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease - Tingting Zhou, Mengru Zhu & Zhanhua Liang - Molecular Medicine Reports (23 Jan. 2018).
The Immunomodulatory Effect of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis) Leaves Extract on Immunocompromised Wistar Rats infected by Candida Albicans - Retno P. Rahayu, Remita A. Prasetyo, Djoko A. Purwanto, Utari Kresnoadi, Regina P.D. Iskandar & Muhammad Rubianto - Vet World (7 Jun. 2018).
Green Tea Catechins: Their Use in Treating and Preventing Infectious Diseases - Wanda C. Reygaert - BioMedical Research International [Special Issue: New Insights into and Updates on Antimicrobial Agents from Natural Products] (17 Jul. 2018).
Antiviral Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate via Impairing Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Attachment to Host Cell Receptor - Jiarong Li, Dongfeng Song, Shengnan Wang, Yadong Dai, Jiyong Zhou & Jinyan Gu - Viruses (4 Feb. 2020).
Bibliographic Research Information provided courtesy of The Academy of the Third Millennium (A3M) 2020
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